The first level we’re going to talk about in testing is what I call Cognitive Level 1. In other words, it’s the way we’ve always traditionally taught. “What did the text say?” Basic comprehension.

Well, when you teach this to students, one of the things that’s critical, particularly in informational text and literary text, is: Can they figure out what the author was saying, and the support, and the structure the author used to do that?

So let’s talk about what some of these tools are. One of them is this: What’s implicitly stated, and then what’s explicitly stated.

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