A recent study in Howard County, Indiana, cited Ruby Payne to explain why lower-income students there are much more likely to be suspended. Over the last few years, 50% to 70% of students suspended in Howard County schools also qualified for free school lunches. The article cites Payne to explain why lower-income students are more often clashing with school discipline and what attitudes are necessary to alleviating this problem: “Schools and businesses operate from middle-class norms, Payne says, and students lacking any of those resources may find it difficult to function in that middle-class system.”

Read More